What is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?

Do you have tingling and numbness in your hand and fingers? Are you having difficulty gripping certain objects? You may have carpal tunnel syndrome. Don’t panic - we are here to help! We’ll explain what it is and how we can help you improve the symptoms.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is a common condition that arises from the compression of the median nerve as it travels through the carpal tunnel in the wrist. This narrow passageway is bounded by bones and ligaments, and any swelling or structural changes can lead to nerve compression.

People with CTS often experience symptoms such as tingling, numbness, and weakness in the hand and fingers, particularly affecting the thumb, index, and middle fingers. These symptoms can disrupt daily activities and, if left untreated, may lead to muscle wasting and decreased hand function.

Understanding the symptoms and risk factors is crucial for prevention and management. Early diagnosis and intervention, including ergonomic adjustments and therapeutic physiotherapy exercises, can significantly improve outcomes for those affected by Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.

What are the main symptoms of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?

• Numbness and tingling: Often felt in the thumb, index, middle, and part of the ring finger.

• Pain: Can occur in the wrist and hand, sometimes radiating up the arm.

• Weakness: Difficulty gripping objects or performing fine motor tasks.

• Night symptoms: Symptoms often worsen at night, disrupting sleep.

 What increases your chances of having Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome happens when the nerve in your wrist gets squeezed or irritated. Certain things can make this more likely, such as:

• Repetitive Hand Movements. Typing, texting, or using tools (like screwdrivers or power drills) for long periods without breaks.

• Poor Wrist Positioning. Keeping your wrist bent too much—up or down—while working, sleeping, or using a mouse.

• Health Conditions. Diabetes, Thyroid problems, Rheumatoid arthritis, Pregnancy (due to fluid retention) can all increase risk of CTS.

• Being Overweight. Extra body weight can increase pressure in the carpal tunnel.

• Age and Gender. CTS is more common in people over 40 and affects women more than men.

• Previous Wrist Injuries. A past sprain, fracture, or repetitive strain can make the area more sensitive.

• Family History. If others in your family have had it, your chances might be higher too.

How can physiotherapy help Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?

Physiotherapy plays a crucial role in managing Carpal Tunnel Syndrome by addressing the underlying causes and alleviating symptoms. Our experienced physiotherapists will perform a thorough assessment to determine the underlying causes and severity of your symptoms. Based on this evaluation, we develop a tailored treatment plan that may include manual therapy, targeted exercises, and ergonomic advice. Throughout your rehabilitation, we offer ongoing support and education to empower you with the knowledge and strategies needed for effective self-management and long-term recovery. Here’s some of the techniques we use to help:

Manual Therapy: Techniques such as soft tissue or joint mobilisation can reduce tension and improve mobility in the wrist and hand.

Nerve Gliding Exercises: These exercises help improve the movement of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel, reducing symptoms.

Ergonomic Advice: Guidance on modifying workstations and daily activities to reduce strain on the wrist.

Strengthening and Stretching: Exercises to strengthen the hand and forearm muscles and improve flexibility.

What exercises should I do for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?

There are many different exercises that we may prescribe for carpal tunnel, depending on your symptoms. Here are two of the basics than can offer some relief:

Wrist Flexor Stretch

• Extend your arm with the palm facing up.

• Use the opposite hand to gently pull back on the fingers, stretching the wrist.

• Hold for 15-30 seconds, repeat 3 times.

Wrist Extensor Stretch

• Extend your arm with the palm facing down.

• Use the opposite hand to gently push down on the back of the hand, stretching the wrist.

• Hold for 15-30 seconds, repeat 3 times.

This is absolutely not written to substitute medical advice and it is always important to see a qualified healthcare professional for a formal diagnosis. If any of the exercises cause pain during or after the exercise, discontinue and consult a physiotherapist.  

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