Wrist Injuries: Fractures, dislocations and wrist sprains

There are so many injuries that can occur at the wrist, and you’ll be pleased to hear, we can help with all of them! Here we’ll discuss the main injuries we see in our clinic and how physiotherapy can help.

Wrist injuries are incredibly common and can happen during sports, falls, or even routine activities. Among the most frequent are fractures, dislocations, and wrist sprains. While these injuries can be painful and limiting, understanding their causes, symptoms, and treatments can help you recover effectively and get back to doing what you love.

Wrist fractures

A fracture is a break in one of the wrist bones, often the radius or scaphoid. These occur when the wrist absorbs the force of a fall or an impact, such as during sports or accidents.

Common signs: Immediate pain, swelling, bruising, and difficulty moving the wrist. Sometimes, you might notice a visible deformity if the bone is significantly displaced.

Wrist dislocations

A dislocation occurs when the bones of the wrist are forced out of their normal alignment, often at the joint where the bones meet.

Common signs: Severe pain, a visibly deformed wrist, and the inability to move the joint. Nerve compression can cause tingling or numbness in severe cases.

Wrist sprains

A sprain happens when the ligaments—fibrous tissues that hold the bones together—are overstretched or torn. This is usually caused by twisting the wrist or falling onto an outstretched hand.

Common signs: Pain, swelling, reduced range of motion, and bruising. Mild sprains might still allow some movement, while severe ones can feel almost as limiting as a fracture.

What causes these wrist injuries?

Wrist injuries are most often the result of:

Falls: Landing on an outstretched hand (FOOSH) is a leading cause.

Sports: Activities like skiing, skateboarding, or contact sports increase the risk.

Accidents: Car accidents or other high-impact trauma can result in fractures or dislocations.

Repetitive strain: Overuse or sudden twisting movements can lead to ligament damage, causing a sprain.

How are these wrist injuries diagnosed?

If you experience wrist pain after an injury, a healthcare professional will likely:

• Take a detailed history of the incident.

• Perform a physical exam to check for swelling, tenderness, and range of motion.

• Order imaging tests, such as X-rays for fractures or MRI scans for ligament damage, to confirm the diagnosis.

How are wrist injuries treated?

The treatment approach depends on the severity and type of injury:

1. Fractures

• Immobilisation: A cast, splint, or brace will hold the bones in place to allow proper healing.

• Reduction: If the bones are misaligned, a doctor may need to reposition them.

• Surgery: Severe fractures may require pins, plates, or screws to stabilize the bones.

2. Dislocations

• Reduction: A dislocated wrist must be carefully repositioned by a healthcare provider.

• Immobilisation: A splint or cast will keep the wrist stable as it heals.

• Surgery: For severe dislocations or ligament damage, surgical repair may be necessary.

3. Wrist Sprains

• R.I.C.E.: Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation are key in the first 48 hours.

• Splints or braces: These provide support and reduce movement, allowing the ligament to heal. add picture maybe

• Physiotherapy: Targeted exercises help restore strength and flexibility to the wrist.

• Surgery: Rare but may be needed for severe ligament tears.

How can physiotherapy help wrist injuries?

Physiotherapy is a critical component of recovery, especially after the acute phase. Here’s how it helps:

Pain Management

• Techniques like manual therapy, ultrasound, or TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation) can reduce pain and swelling.

• Restoring Range of Motion

• Gentle stretching exercises help regain flexibility in the wrist after immobilization

Strengthening Exercises

• We can guide you through progressive strengthening exercises for the wrist, forearm, and hand. This helps prevent re-injury and ensures the joint is stable.

• Scar Tissue Management

• After surgery or a severe injury, hands-on therapy can help reduce adhesions and improve mobility.

Every injury is unique, and we will tailor a programme to your needs, gradually increasing the intensity as you heal.

When should you seek help for a wrist injury?

Immediate care: If your wrist is visibly deformed, you’re unable to move it, or there’s severe pain, seek medical attention immediately.

Persistent symptoms: If pain, swelling, or stiffness doesn’t improve after a few days, consult a healthcare professional or physiotherapist.

Post-treatment rehabilitation: Even if the injury feels better, physiotherapy can help ensure you regain full function and reduce the risk of future injuries.

Wrist injuries can be frustrating, but with proper care and guidance, recovery is achievable. Whether it’s a fracture, dislocation, or sprain, the key is a timely diagnosis, effective treatment, and gradual rehabilitation.

Physiotherapy is a vital part of this process, ensuring that you don’t just heal but return to full function without lingering issues. If you’ve recently injured your wrist or are recovering from treatment, we’d love it if you reached out to us to get started on a personalised recovery plan.

This advice is intended for general guidance. Always consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and tailored treatment plan.